Abstract: In order to further study the causes of wellbore icing and analyze the effect of wellhead freezing on the ventilation system, it is prevented from causing harm to the safe production of coal mine. This paper discusses the safety problems of wellbore coal mine installation during the foundation construction and the construction measures and technological processes to be paid attention to when installing the wellbore in low temperature environment. The results show that the influence of low temperature weather and natural wind pressure on the shaft construction of the shaft can be overcome by mechanical ventilation, closed, heating and wind control, so as to ensure the safe construction of the wellbore in winter and greatly reduce the construction period and bring the Huge security and economic benefits.